E310 · Propyl gallate
- WHO
- Safe in moderation
- FDA
- Safe in moderation
- EFSA
- Safe in moderation
- FSANZ
- Safe in moderation
- Japan
- Safe in moderation
- UK FSA
- Safe in moderation
- Health Canada
- Safe in moderation
What is E310?
Propyl gallate is a synthetic antioxidant derived from gallic acid, used in small amounts to prevent fats and oils in food from becoming rancid. It is often combined with other antioxidants like BHA or BHT. Some animal studies have raised questions about high-dose effects, and EFSA has set an acceptable daily intake, but typical dietary exposure from food is well below levels of concern.
Also appears on labels as: E310, E 310, E-310, Propyl Gallate, Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, Gallate of Propyl, n-Propyl Gallate, Propyl Ester of Gallic Acid, PG, INS 310, Food Additive E310, Antioxidant E310.
What the evidence says
- High-dose animal studies have shown effects on the gastrointestinal tract and blood; relevance to typical human dietary intake is limited.
- People with known sensitivity to gallates may experience contact or GI reactions.
- Regulated with an acceptable daily intake by EFSA and FDA; typical food-additive use is within these limits.
Frequently asked questions
Is E310 safe?
Our overall verdict for E310 (Propyl gallate) is “Safe in moderation”, based on the most cautious of the major regulators’ positions — FDA: safe in moderation; WHO: safe in moderation; EFSA: safe in moderation; FSANZ: safe in moderation; Japan: safe in moderation; UK FSA: safe in moderation; Health Canada: safe in moderation.
Is E310 vegan, halal or gluten-free?
According to our ingredient data for Propyl gallate — vegan: yes, vegetarian: yes, halal: yes, kosher: yes, gluten-free: yes, dairy-free: yes. Manufacturing sources can vary between products; check the label if it matters to you.
What is E310 and why is it used?
Propyl gallate is a synthetic antioxidant derived from gallic acid, used in small amounts to prevent fats and oils in food from becoming rancid. It is often combined with other antioxidants like BHA or BHT. Some animal studies have raised questions about high-dose effects, and EFSA has set an acceptable daily intake, but typical dietary exposure from food is well below levels of concern.
Does E310 contain allergens?
No known allergens are recorded for Propyl gallate, though some people report sensitivity (Rare reports of contact dermatitis or gallate sensitivity in some individuals.).
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This page summarises publicly available regulatory assessments and research. It is general information, not medical advice. Sources: EFSA, FDA, WHO and the studies linked above.