E434 · Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40)
We haven’t recorded a regulator assessment for Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40) yet. The information below comes from our ingredient database; a verdict will appear here once EFSA, FDA or WHO positions are added.
What is E434?
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a synthetic emulsifier related to polysorbates 20, 60, and 80, made from sorbitol and palmitic acid reacted with ethylene oxide. It helps blend oil and water-based ingredients in creams, lotions, and some processed foods, giving products a smooth, consistent texture. It is approved for food use within regulated limits by the FDA and EFSA.
Also appears on labels as: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Polysorbate 40, Tween 40, POE sorbitan monopalmitate, POE monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan palmitate, Sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene, Ethoxylated sorbitan monopalmitate, PEG sorbitan monopalmitate, PEG-20 sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester of palmitic acid.
What the evidence says
- Generally recognized as safe at typical food-use levels.
- As with other polysorbates, animal research suggests possible effects on gut bacteria with high, regular intake; human dietary-level evidence is limited.
Frequently asked questions
Is E434 safe?
Our overall verdict for E434 (Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40)) is “Not yet rated”, based on the most cautious of the major regulators’ positions — no regulator assessment is recorded in our database yet.
Is E434 vegan, halal or gluten-free?
According to our ingredient data for Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40) — vegan: yes, vegetarian: yes, halal: yes, kosher: yes, gluten-free: yes, dairy-free: yes. Manufacturing sources can vary between products; check the label if it matters to you.
What is E434 and why is it used?
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a synthetic emulsifier related to polysorbates 20, 60, and 80, made from sorbitol and palmitic acid reacted with ethylene oxide. It helps blend oil and water-based ingredients in creams, lotions, and some processed foods, giving products a smooth, consistent texture. It is approved for food use within regulated limits by the FDA and EFSA.
Does E434 contain allergens?
No known allergens are recorded for Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40).
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This page summarises publicly available regulatory assessments and research. It is general information, not medical advice. Sources: EFSA, FDA, WHO and the studies linked above.