E451(I) · Sodium Tripolyphosphate
- WHO
- Safe in moderation
- FDA
- Safe in moderation
- EFSA
- Safe in moderation
- FSANZ
- Safe in moderation
- Japan
- Safe in moderation
- UK FSA
- Safe in moderation
- Health Canada
- Safe in moderation
What is E451(I)?
Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) is a polyphosphate salt used as a sequestrant, emulsifier, and moisture retainer in processed meats, poultry, seafood, and dairy products. It helps retain moisture, improve texture, stabilize fats, and prevent oxidation by binding metal ions.
Also appears on labels as: Sodium Tripolyphosphate, STPP, Sodium triphosphate, Pentasodium triphosphate, E451(i), E 451(i), E-451(i), Triphosphoric acid, pentasodium salt, Sodium polyphosphate, Sodium tripolyphosphate (E451), Food grade sodium tripolyphosphate, Natrio trifosfatas.
What the evidence says
- Excessive intake of phosphates (from all dietary sources) can disrupt calcium-phosphorus balance and is linked to increased cardiovascular and kidney risk, particularly in people with existing kidney disease.
- Generally considered safe when total phosphate intake stays within the established Acceptable Daily Intake.
Frequently asked questions
Is E451(I) safe?
Our overall verdict for E451(I) (Sodium Tripolyphosphate) is “Safe in moderation”, based on the most cautious of the major regulators’ positions — FDA: safe in moderation; WHO: safe in moderation; EFSA: safe in moderation; FSANZ: safe in moderation; Japan: safe in moderation; UK FSA: safe in moderation; Health Canada: safe in moderation.
Is E451(I) vegan, halal or gluten-free?
According to our ingredient data for Sodium Tripolyphosphate — vegan: yes, vegetarian: yes, halal: yes, kosher: yes, gluten-free: yes, dairy-free: yes. Manufacturing sources can vary between products; check the label if it matters to you.
What is E451(I) and why is it used?
Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) is a polyphosphate salt used as a sequestrant, emulsifier, and moisture retainer in processed meats, poultry, seafood, and dairy products. It helps retain moisture, improve texture, stabilize fats, and prevent oxidation by binding metal ions.
Does E451(I) contain allergens?
No known allergens are recorded for Sodium Tripolyphosphate.
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This page summarises publicly available regulatory assessments and research. It is general information, not medical advice. Sources: EFSA, FDA, WHO and the studies linked above.